You are born with a predetermined number of hair follicles, which remains constant throughout your lifetime. The scalp alone contains approximately 100,000 follicles. However, as you age, some follicles become inactive and stop producing hair, leading to hair loss or thinning.


The growth cycle of each hair on your scalp can last from 2 to 6 years. The rate at which your hair grows is influenced by various factors, including your age, hair type, overall health, and specific health conditions. 


The cellular mechanisms that regulate hair growth in the body are still being studied, and there is limited knowledge on how to accelerate hair growth.

Understanding the science behind hair growth can provide valuable insights for maintaining healthier hair.

The stages of hair growth

Hair growth occurs in three distinct stages, and each strand of hair follows its own timeline:

  • Anagen: This is the active growth phase of hair that lasts for 3-10 years. During this phase, the hair follicle is actively producing new cells, resulting in visible hair growth.
  • Catagen: Following the anagen phase, hair enters the catagen phase, which is a transitional phase. This phase lasts for approximately 2-3 weeks and marks the end of active hair growth. The hair follicle shrinks and detaches from the blood supply during this stage.
  • Telogen: The telogen phase is the resting phase of the hair cycle, lasting for about 3-4 months. During this time, the hair follicle is inactive, and the hair strand remains attached to the scalp but is no longer growing. Eventually, a new hair begins to grow, and the old hair is shed.

At any given time, the majority of hair follicles on the scalp (approximately 90%) are in the anagen phase, about 1% are in the catagen phase, and around 9% are in the telogen phase. The small percentage of hair in the telogen phase is responsible for the daily shedding of approximately 100 to 150 strands of hair.

How to make your hair grow stronger?

Hair is composed of keratin, a protein, and dead skin cells. It's important to note that there is no magical method to make your hair grow significantly faster overnight. However, there are measures you can adopt to maintain the health and length of your hair.

1. Keep up with vitamins and nutrients

Although various companies market vitamins or supplements for hair growth, their direct impact on hair length is not always guaranteed. Hair growth is dependent on the energy and nutrients supplied by the body, and inadequate calorie intake or nutrient deficiencies can affect it.

In general, it is advisable to obtain essential vitamins and nutrients from a well-balanced diet. However, in cases of specific deficiencies, considering appropriate supplements may be beneficial.

The following nutrients are often recommended for promoting hair growth, supported by scientific evidence:
  • Biotin: Biotin, a B-vitamin, is commonly associated with hair health and may help improve hair strength and thickness.
  • Vitamin D: Some studies suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency and hair loss. Ensuring adequate vitamin D levels may promote hair growth.
  • Iron: Iron deficiency can contribute to hair loss. Increasing iron intake, either through diet or supplements, may help maintain healthy hair.

  • Zinc: Zinc plays a crucial role in hair tissue growth and repair. It may support hair growth and prevent hair loss when consumed in adequate amounts.
  • Protein: Hair is primarily composed of protein. Consuming sufficient protein through your diet supports hair growth and strength.
  • Omega-3 fatty acids: These healthy fats are found in foods like fish, nuts, and seeds. Omega-3 fatty acids may improve hair density and reduce hair loss.
While these nutrients may contribute to healthy hair growth, it's important to note that individual results may vary. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian before starting any new supplements to ensure they are suitable for your specific needs.

2. Apply essential oils/carrier oils

To incorporate essential oils into your hair care routine, you can add a few drops of tea tree, rosemary, or lime oil to your shampoo or dilute them with a carrier oil like jojoba oil.

These oils have been found to improve scalp health in some studies, but there is limited evidence to support the claim that they can accelerate hair growth.

Additionally, other essential oils such as lavender, chamomile, thyme, peppermint, and garlic extract have been suggested to benefit hair loss treatment in a review. However, it's important to note that more research is needed to establish their effectiveness.

 

When using essential oils, it is essential to avoid direct application to the skin and instead dilute them in a carrier oil. This helps prevent skin irritation. Carrier oils like coconut, sunflower, mineral, and castor oil can also provide moisturizing benefits to your hair.

It's worth mentioning that the purity and quality of essential oils are not regulated by the FDA. Therefore, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before using essential oils and to research the quality of the brand's products.

Additionally, perform a patch test before trying a new essential oil to check for any adverse reactions. Remember, while essential oils may offer potential benefits, they should be used with caution and as part of an overall hair care routine.

3. Try topical ointments

For individuals experiencing hair loss, topical ointments can be a recommended treatment option to promote hair growth. Several products have shown promising results in studies for their effectiveness in treating hair loss, specifically alopecia. Here are some examples:
  • Topical melatonin: Research suggests that topical melatonin may reduce hair loss and increase the anagen growth cycle, which is the active growth phase of hair.
  • Topical minoxidil 5 percent (Rogaine): When used daily for 3 to 6 months, minoxidil has been shown to slow down hair loss and potentially promote hair growth.
  • Prescription finasteride (Propecia) topical: In a preliminary review, it was found that topical finasteride may promote hair growth and reduce the rate of hair loss in androgenetic alopecia, commonly known as male-pattern baldness.

4. Take keratin supplements

Hair loss is a common symptom of protein deficiency, so taking protein supplements — including keratin — may improve hair health in those who are deficient. Besides this, not much is known about the effects of protein, keratin, and vitamins on hair health.

 

One test-tube study found that keratin might decrease hair loss, treat damaged hair, and increase hair diameter. Still, more research is needed to better understand how this nutrient might support hair growth.

5. Use a topical protein treatment

Protein helps your hair grow and protects it from chemical and environmental damage. Some studieshave indicated that a low protein intake could be associated with reduced hair growth.

Generally, it’s best to get protein from your diet instead of relying on supplements. Good sources include certain vegetables, nuts, yogurt, and foods like lean meat and fish.

If you style or apply heat to your hair often, using a protein treatment may help protect it. You can purchase these products online.

6. Caffeinate your follicles

Caffeine has been shown to promote hair growth, with women being more sensitive to its hair follicle effects.

While more studies are needed on caffeine as a hair growth promoter, preliminary research has shown that topical formulas may decrease hair loss, especially when combined with minoxidil.

Using hair products with caffeine as an ingredient may also help.

What can affect hair growth?

Indeed, there are various factors that can influence hair growth. Here are some key factors that can affect the growth and health of hair:

  • Genetics: Family history and genetic predisposition can play a significant role in hair growth patterns and conditions such as male or female pattern baldness.
  • Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those occurring during puberty, pregnancy, menopause, or due to certain medical conditions, can impact hair growth cycles.
  • Nutritional deficiencies: Inadequate intake of essential nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and proteins, can affect the health and growth of hair.
  • Medications and treatments: Certain medications, such as chemotherapy drugs, can cause temporary or permanent hair loss. Additionally, treatments like radiation therapy can affect hair growth.
  • Stress: Chronic stress or significant emotional or physical stressors can contribute to hair loss or disrupt the hair growth cycle.

  • Weight loss: Rapid or significant weight loss, typically around 20 pounds (9 kg) or more, can sometimes lead to temporary hair loss or changes in hair growth patterns.
  • Trauma or damage to follicles: Physical trauma, such as excessive pulling or tension on the hair, can damage hair follicles and affect hair growth.
  • Diseases or conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, autoimmune diseases, and scalp conditions like alopecia areata, can impact hair growth.
It's important to note that addressing underlying causes, maintaining a balanced diet, managing stress, and seeking appropriate medical advice are crucial steps in promoting healthy hair growth.

Consulting with a healthcare professional or dermatologist can help identify and address any underlying factors contributing to hair loss or changes in hair growth.

Conclusion

Many of the factors that influence hair growth are beyond your control in your daily life.

The most effective measure you can take is to prevent hair loss and thinning that may be caused by inadequate nutrition. This means ensuring you maintain a balanced diet and stay properly hydrated.

If you experience unusual or significant hair loss, it is advisable to seek advice from your doctor. They can examine any underlying causes such as specific health conditions or nutrient deficiencies.